Published Date: 2009-10-21 11:00:03
Subject: PRO/AH/EDR> Bluetongue - Europe (15): Greece (LS) BTV-1, BTV-16, OIE
Archive Number: 20091021.3616
BLUETONGUE - EUROPE (15): GREECE (LESVOS) BTV-1, BTV-16, OIE
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Date: Tue 20 Oct 2009
Source: OIE, WAHID (World Animal Health Information Database), weekly
disease information 2009; 22(43) [edited]
<http://www.oie.int/wahis/public.php?page=single_report&pop=1&reportid=8543>
Bluetongue, Greece
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Information received on (and dated) 19 Oct 2009 from Mr Spirus
Doudounakis, Chief Veterinary Officer, Director General, Directorate
General of Veterinary Services, Ministry of Rural Development and
Food, Athens, Greece
Summary
Report type: immediate notification
Start date: 16 Sep 2009
Date of 1st confirmation of the event: 22 Sep 2009
Report date: 19 Oct 2009
Date submitted to OIE: 19 Oct 2009
Reason for notification: reoccurrence of a listed disease
Date of previous occurrence: March 2009
Manifestation of disease: clinical disease
Causal agent: bluetongue virus serotype 1
Nature of diagnosis: clinical, laboratory (basic), laboratory (advanced)
This event pertains to a defined zone within the country
New outbreaks
Outbreak 1 (Lesvos 6): Lesvos 6, Voreio Aigaio
Date of start of the outbreak: 16 Sep 2009
Outbreak status: continuing (or date resolved not provided)
Epidemiological unit: farm
Affected animals:
Species: cattle
Susceptible: 29
Cases: 0
Deaths: 0
Destroyed: --
Slaughtered: --
Species: sheep
Susceptible: 280
Cases: 7
Deaths: 0
Destroyed: --
Slaughtered: --
Affected population: outbreak where BTV-1 and BTV-16 are diagnosed
Outbreak 2 (Lesvos 5): Lesvos 5, Voreio Aigaio
Date of start of the outbreak: 16 Sep 2009
Outbreak status: continuing (or date resolved not provided)
Epidemiological unit: farm
Affected animals:
Species: cattle
Susceptible: 5
Cases: 0
Deaths: 0
Destroyed: --
Slaughtered: --
Species: sheep
Susceptible: 181
Cases: 15
Deaths: 0
Destroyed: --
Slaughtered: --
Affected population: outbreak where BTV-1 and BTV-16 are diagnosed
Summary of outbreaks
Total outbreaks: 2
Total animals affected
Species: cattle
Susceptible: 34
Cases: 0
Deaths: 0
Destroyed: --
Slaughtered: --
Species: sheep
Susceptible: 461
Cases: 22
Deaths: 0
Destroyed: --
Slaughtered: --
Outbreak statistics
Species: cattle
Apparent morbidity rate: 0 percent
Apparent mortality rate: 0 percent
Apparent case fatality rate: **
Proportion susceptible animals lost*: **
Species: sheep
Apparent morbidity rate: 4.77 percent
Apparent mortality rate: 0 percent
Apparent case fatality rate: 0 percent
Proportion susceptible animals lost*: **
* Removed from the susceptible population through death, destruction,
and/or slaughter
** Not calculated because of missing information
Epidemiology
Source of the outbreak(s) or origin of infection: unknown or inconclusive
Diagnostic test results
Laboratory name and type: Centre of Athens Veterinary Institutes,
Institute of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Virology Department
(national laboratory)
Species: sheep
Test: enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)
Test date: 22 Sep 2009
Result: positive
Species: sheep
Test: real-time reverse transcriptase/polymerase chain reaction (RRT-PCR)
Test date: 1 Oct 2009
Result: positive
Future reporting: the event is continuing. Weekly follow-up reports
will be submitted.
--
Communicated by:
ProMED-mail
<promed@promedmail.org>
[It is important to note that only sheep showed clinical signs and
cattle were tested but negative for the disease. A map of the
outbreak area can be found in the OIE report at the source URL above.
The geographic proximity to Asia Minor is noteworthy and mentioned by
Homer in Iliad and Odyssey, as the place where Menelaus, Diomedes,
and Ulysses met after the siege of Troy. - Mod.PC]
[BTV-1 has been, reportedly, circulating during 2009 in 2 separate
regions around the Mediterranean. In the west -- its reappearance in
the Maghreb countries (Morocco, Algeria), in late summer 2009, and in
south-west Europe (Sardinia, Corsica, Spain, Portugal, and France),
where it seems to have been circulating since 2006 (see the EU map,
"Bluetongue restriction zones as of 5 Oct 2009" at
<http://ec.europa.eu/food/animal/diseases/controlmeasures/bt_restrictedzones-map.jpg>.)
And in the east -- Lesvos (current reintroduction, following its
absence since 2001) and Oman (April 2009).
It will be interesting to note if these are 2 (or more?) different
western and eastern genotypes; if the Oman and Lesvos isolates are
similar; and if the Lesvos outbreak reflects its circulation also in
the adjacent mainland.
Similarly, it would be interesting to perform genotyping of the
recent BTV-8 isolates from Lesvos, Israel, and Oman, comparing them
to the west-European genotype. Turkey deserves to be placed high on
the list of candidate territories for BTV surveillance, with special
reference to BTV-1 and BTV-8. - Mod.AS]
[The HealthMap/ProMED-mail interactive map of Greece is available at
<http://healthmap.org/r/00WQ>. - Sr.Tech.Ed.MJ]
See Also
Bluetongue, ovine - Morocco: OIE 20091002.3432Bluetongue, ovine - Algeria: OIE, BTV-1 20090916.3249
Bluetongue, ovine - Israel, OIE, BTV-24 20090621.2276
Bluetongue, wild & domestic ruminants - Oman: OIE, BTV-1,4,8,16 20090620.2268
Bluetongue, bovine - Israel: OIE, BTV-8 20090530.2008
Bluetongue - Europe (10): Greece (LS) OIE, BTV-8, 2008 20090529.1997
Bluetongue, ovine, bovine, caprine - Israel (02): typed 20090130.0412
2008
----
Bluetongue - Europe (48): BTV-8, BTV-1 20080906.2782
Bluetongue - Europe (09): France, BTV-1, alpaca 20090502.1652
...................................pc/arn/mj/mpp
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