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Published Date: 2012-03-14 21:59:33
Subject: PRO/AH/EDR> Foot and mouth disease - Libya: (BG) st SAT2, OIE
Archive Number: 20120314.1070697

FOOT & MOUTH DISEASE - LIBYA: (BANGHAZI), ST SAT2, OIE
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Date: 12 Mar 2012
Source: OIE WAHID [edited]
http://web.oie.int/wahis/public.php?page=event_summary&reportid=10208

Foot and mouth disease, Libya
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Information received on 12 Mar 2012 from Dr Taher Ahmad Matouk, Chief Veterinary Officer, National Center of Animal Health and Breeding Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture, TRIPOLI, Libya

Summary
Report type Immediate notification
Start date 11 Feb 2012
Date of 1st confirmation of the event 8 Mar 2012
Report date 12 Mar 2012
Date submitted to OIE 12 Mar 2012
Reason for notification Reoccurrence of a listed disease
Date of previous occurrence July 2003
Manifestation of disease Clinical disease
Causal agent Foot and mouth disease virus
Serotype SAT 2
Nature of diagnosis Clinical, Laboratory (advanced)
This event pertains to the whole country

New outbreaks
Outbreak 1 Sidi Faraj, Abuatni, BANGHAZI
Date of start of the outbreak 11 Feb 2012
Outbreak status Resolved (21 Feb 2012)
Epidemiological unit Farm
Species Cattle
Susceptible 46
Cases 11
Deaths 5
Destroyed 0
Slaughtered 9

Affected Population: A feedlot whose animals come from many sources from local markets. Five animals suddenly died after 3 days of infection. They showed acute respiratory signs. The affected animals are new stock.

Epidemiology: Source of the outbreak(s) or origin of infection. Introduction of new live animals

Control measures - Measures applied Quarantine; Disinfection of infected premises/establishment(s); No vaccination; Treatment of affected animals (local treatment with antibiotics [oxytetracycline, penicillin, streptomycin])

Measures to be applied - No other measures

Laboratory name and type Institute for Animal Health, Pirbright Laboratory (OIE's Reference Laboratory)

Species Cattle
Test enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)
Test date 8 Mar 2012
Result Positive

Species Cattle
Test pathogen isolation on cell culture
Test date 8 Mar 2012
Result Positive

Species Cattle
Test polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
Test date 8 Mar 2012
Result Positive

Future Reporting
The event is continuing. Weekly follow-up reports will be submitted.

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[Circulating strains of FMD virus change, and the danger posed by a new strain must be taken into consideration when developing a vaccination strategy to combat outbreaks such as this one or in nearby Egypt. See Mod.AS's comments in Foot & mouth disease - Egypt (05): st SAT2, OIE 20120314.1070386 for an update on the importance of incorporating SAT2 in the vaccination strategy for the present outbreak.

Libya reported 2 outbreaks of FMD serotype O in Tarabulus in December 2010. Additionally, there were 2 outbreaks of serotype A in February 2009 in Az Zawiyah and Misrath and one outbreak in Banghazi in January 2009. A previous outbreak of FMD disease occurred in 2003, and it was SAT2 serotype.

With the advent of SAT2 in the current outbreak, the dominant serotype in Egypt has changed 3 times since 2006. Egypt reported no FMD outbreaks in 2011 or 2010 but one outbreak of serotype A and 7 outbreaks of serotype O in 2009, one of serotype O in 2007, and 31 outbreaks of serotype A in 2006.

Neither Algeria or Tunisia have reported FMD to the OIE WAHID database since 2005.

The current outbreak is in Banghazi, not anywhere nearby the Egyptian outbreaks; see map appended to the OIE WAHID report and at the HealthMap link http://healthmap.org/r/1_fL, where, for comparison, the location of the Egyptian outbreaks may also be found. - Mod.PC]

See Also