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Published Date: 2012-03-22 17:12:49
Subject: PRO/AH/EDR> Foot & mouth disease - Egypt (10): st SAT2, OIE
Archive Number: 20120322.1077910

FOOT & MOUTH DISEASE - EGYPT (10): ST SAT2, OIE
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Date: Mon 19 Mar 2012
Source: OIE, WAHID (World Animal Health Information Database), weekly disease information 2012; 25(12) [edited]
http://web.oie.int/wahis/public.php?page=single_report&pop=1&reportid=11781

Foot-and-mouth disease, Egypt
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Information received on 20 Mar 2012 from Prof. Dr Osama Mahmoud Ahmed Selim, Chairman, General Organization for Veterinary Services(GOVS), Ministry of Agriculture and Land Reclamation, Cairo, Egypt

Report type: follow-up report no. 1
Start date: 18 Feb 2012
Date of 1st confirmation of the event: 4 Mar 2012
Report date: 19 Mar 2012
Date submitted to OIE: 20 Mar 2012
Reason for notification: new strain of a listed disease
Manifestation of disease: clinical disease
Causal agent: Foot and mouth disease virus
Serotype SAT 2
Nature of diagnosis: clinical, laboratory (advanced)
This event pertains to the whole country
Related reports:
Immediate notification (13 Mar 2012)
Follow-up report No. 1 (19 Mar 2012)

New outbreaks
Outbreak 1: Alzeineah - Nagaa abo Tarboush, Luxor, Luxor
Date of start of the outbreak: 11 Mar 2012
Outbreak status: continuing (or date resolved not provided)
Epidemiological unit: village
Affected animals
Species / Susceptible / Cases / Deaths / Destroyed / Slaughtered
Buffaloes / 1 / 1 / 1 / 0 / 0

Outbreak 2: Algenena, Nabaouh, Ad Daqahliyah [Dakahlia]
Date of start of the outbreak: 14 Mar 2012
Outbreak status: continuing (or date resolved not provided)
Epidemiological unit: village
Affected animals
Species / Susceptible / Cases / Deaths / Destroyed / Slaughtered
Buffaloes / 11 / 7 / / /

Outbreak 3: Alanenya, Luxor, Luxor
Date of start of the outbreak: 11 Mar 2012
Outbreak status: continuing (or date resolved not provided)
Epidemiological unit: village
Affected animals
Species / Susceptible / Cases / Deaths / Destroyed / Slaughtered
Sheep / goats / 52 / 12 / 2 / /

Outbreak 4: Alkhadra, Albagour, Al Minufiyah [Monufia]
Date of start of the outbreak: 12 Mar 2012
Outbreak status: continuing (or date resolved not provided)
Epidemiological unit: village
Affected animals
Species / Susceptible / Cases / Deaths / Destroyed / Slaughtered
Buffaloes / 1 / 1 / 0 / 0 / 0

Outbreak 5: Keman - Esna, Luxor, Luxor
Date of start of the outbreak: 11 Mar 2012
Outbreak status: continuing (or date resolved not provided)
Epidemiological unit: village
Affected animals
Species / Susceptible / Cases / Deaths / Destroyed / Slaughtered
Cattle / 2 / 1 / / /
Buffaloes / 2 / 1 / / /

Outbreak 6: Shark Albohayrat, Alquantara Shark, Al Isma'iliyah [Ismailia]
Date of start of the outbreak: 11 Mar 2012
Outbreak status: continuing (or date resolved not provided)
Epidemiological unit: farm
Affected animals
Species / Susceptible / Cases / Deaths / Destroyed / Slaughtered
Buffaloes / 636 / 55 / 1 / / 2

Outbreak 7: Damanhour, Damanhour, Al Buhayrah [Beheira]
Date of start of the outbreak: 12 Mar 2012
Outbreak status: continuing (or date resolved not provided)
Epidemiological unit: village
Affected animals /
Species / Susceptible / Cases / Deaths / Destroyed / Slaughtered
Cattle / 1 / 1 / 0 / 0 / 0

Summary of outbreaks
Total outbreaks: 7
Total animals affected
Species / Susceptible / Cases / Deaths / Destroyed / Slaughtered
Buffaloes / 651 / 65 / 2 / 0 / 2
Sheep / goats / 52 / 12 / 2 / /
Cattle / 3 / 2 / 0 / 0 / 0

Outbreak statistics
Species / Apparent morbidity rate / Apparent mortality rate / Apparent case fatality rate / Proportion susceptible animals lost*
Buffaloes / 9.98 percent / ** / ** / **
Sheep / goats / 23.08 percent / 3.85 percent / 16.67 percent / **
Cattle / 66.67 percent / ** / ** / **
* Removed from the susceptible population through death, destruction, and/or slaughter
** Not calculated because of missing information

Epidemiology
Source of the outbreak(s) or origin of infection: unknown or inconclusive
Epidemiological comments: samples have been sent to the OIE Reference Laboratory in Pirbright, United Kingdom.

Control measures
Measures applied: quarantine; movement control inside the country; disinfection of infected premises/establishment(s); no vaccination; treatment of affected animals (symptomatic treatment of the affected animals)
Measures to be applied: vaccination in response to the outbreak(s)

Diagnostic test results
Laboratory name and type: Animal Health Research Institute (AHRI) (national laboratory)
Tests and results
Species / Test / Test date / Result
Buffaloes / enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) / 18 Mar 2012 / Positive
Laboratory name and type / Pirbright Laboratory (OIE's Reference Laboratory)
Tests and results
Species / Test / Test date / Result
Cattle / polymerase chain reaction (PCR) / 15 Mar 2012 / Positive

Future reporting
The event is continuing. Weekly follow-up reports will be submitted.

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[This OIE update indicates 7 new outbreaks involving 65 buffaloes, 2 cattle, and 12 sheep and goats cases in total. These new outbreaks are widely dispersed and range the north to south of Egypt.

Controlling an outbreak of foot-and-mouth disease is always a challenge, especially when it involves a strain which has not been circulating in the area recently, as is the case currently in Egypt. Foot-and-mouth disease is a really fast moving disease. Both vaccination and movement controls are critical.

For additional insight comments on some of the challenges in deploying vaccine under the present circumstances see Mod.AS comments in Foot & mouth disease - Egypt (09): update, vaccine, OIE 20120321.1076906.

The location of the affected provinces in the delta area of Egypt can be seen in the map provided in the OIE report at http://web.oie.int/wahis/public.php?page=event_summary&reportid=11748

The HealthMap/ProMED-mail interactive map of Egypt is available at http://healthmap.org/r/1zkM. - Mods.FE/PC]

See Also