Published Date: 2012-05-07 23:10:03
Subject: PRO/AH/EDR> Vesicular stomatitis, equine - USA (02): (NM) OIE
Archive Number: 20120507.1125717
VESICULAR STOMATITIS, EQUINE - USA (02): (NEW MEXICO) OIE
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A ProMED-mail post
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International Society for Infectious Diseases
http://www.isid.org
Date: Tue 1 May 2012
Source: OIE, WAHID (World Animal Health Information Database), weekly disease information 2012; 25(18) [edited]
http://web.oie.int/wahis/public.php?page=single_report&pop=1&reportid=11910
Vesicular stomatitis, USA
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Information received on (and dated) 1 May 2012 from Dr John Clifford, Deputy Administrator, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Washington, USA
Summary
Report type: immediate notification
Start date: 18 Apr 2012
Date of 1st confirmation of the event: 20 Apr 2012
Report date: 1 May 2012
Date submitted to OIE: 1 May 2012
Reason for notification: reoccurrence of a listed disease
Date of previous occurrence: 2 Jul 2010
Manifestation of disease: clinical disease
Causal agent: Vesicular stomatitis virus
Serotype: New Jersey
Nature of diagnosis: laboratory (advanced)
This event pertains to a defined zone within the country
New outbreaks
Summary of outbreaks
Total outbreaks: 1
Outbreak 1: Otero County, Otero County, New Mexico
Date of start of the outbreak: 18 Apr 2012
Outbreak status: continuing (or date resolved not provided)
Epidemiological unit: farm
Affected animals
Species: Equidae
Susceptible: 5
Cases: 2
Deaths: 0
Destroyed: 0
Slaughtered: 0
Affected population: hobby/pleasure horse
Epidemiology
Source of the outbreak(s) or origin of infection: unknown or inconclusive.
Epidemiological comments: the USDA Animal Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS) in conjunction with the New Mexico Livestock Board is conducting a comprehensive epidemiological investigation of the event. As of 30 Apr 2012, the summary of events is as follows:
- 18 Apr 2012: a foreign animal disease investigation was initiated due to the observed presence of vesicular lesions on 2 horses. Laboratory samples were submitted to the National Veterinary Services Laboratories (NVSL) for diagnosis. Quarantine of the premises was implemented.
- 25 Apr 2012: horses were re-bled on the premises for paired sample testing.
- 30 Apr 2012: confirmatory diagnosis of vesicular stomatitis was made based on clinical signs and positive laboratory results.
- 30 Apr 2012: state Animal Health Officials have implemented enhanced surveillance within a 1.6 km radius of the index premises.
Control measures
Measures applied: control of arthropods; quarantine; vaccination prohibited; treatment of affected animals (supportive care)
Measures to be applied: no other measures
Diagnostic test results
Laboratory name and type: National Veterinary Services Laboratories
(NVSL) (national laboratory)
Species: Equidae
Test: competitive ELISA (c-ELISA)
Test date: 20 Apr 2012
Result: positive
Species: Equidae
Test: complement fixation test (CFT)
Test date: 23 Apr 2012
Result: positive
Species: Equidae
Test: complement fixation test (CFT)
Test date: 27 Apr 2012
Result: positive
Species: Equidae
Test: virus isolation
Test date: 30 Apr 2012
Result: negative
Species: Equidae
Test: virus neutralisation test (VNT)
Test date: 30 Apr 2012
Result: positive
Future reporting
The event is continuing. Weekly follow-up reports will be submitted.
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Communicated by:
ProMED-mail
<promed@promedmail.org>
[The location of the outbreak can be seen on the map included in the OIE report at the source URL above. The state of New Mexico can be located on the HealthMap/ProMED-mail interactive map at http://healthmap.org/r/2iAj. Otero County can be seen on the map at http://www.digital-topo-maps.com/county-map/new-mexico.shtml. - Sr.Tech.Ed.MJ]
[Vesicular stomatitis (VS) affects cattle, swine, and horses primarily and is particularly worrisome when found 1st in cattle or swine because it is clinically indistinguishable from foot-and-mouth disease. Fortunately, this time VS was initially diagnosed in horses and therefore, since FMD does not affect horses, we know this is not FMD based on the clinical epidemiology. Furthermore, the diagnostic tests indicate it is indeed VS.
We have had intermittent outbreaks of VS over the past decade. Some have been limited and isolated such as the one in 2009, which only involved 7 horses and only in New Mexico (3 premises and 4 horses total) and Texas (2 premises and 3 horses total). On the other hand, in 2005 VS was relentless, infecting 445 premises in 69 counties spanning the states of Arizona, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Nebraska, New Mexico, Utah, Wyoming; that is, large portions of the Rocky Mountains areas in the western United States.
For very thorough and informative reports on the epidemiology and occurrence of previous VS outbreaks in the US see the USDA APHIS Animal Health Monitoring and Surveillance reports at http://www.aphis.usda.gov/vs/nahss/equine/vsv/index.htm. - Mod.PC]
See Also
Vesicular stomatitis, equine - USA: (NM) 20120502.11200072010
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Vesicular stomatitis, equine - USA (02): (AZ) 20100529.1785
Vesicular stomatitis, equine - USA: (AZ) 20100529.1784
2009
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Vesicular stomatitis, equine - USA (03): (NM) 20090623.2294
Vesicular stomatitis, equine - USA (02): (TX) 20090616.2230
Vesicular stomatitis, equine - USA: (TX) 20090613.2188
2006
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Vesicular stomatitis, equine - USA (WY)(02): OIE 20060825.2395
2005
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Vesicular stomatitis - USA (Western states) 20051029.3155
Vesicular stomatitis, equine & bovine - USA (NE) 20051006.2911
Vesicular stomatitis, equine - USA: WY, MT 20050824.2506
Vesicular stomatitis, equine - USA (CO) 20050809.2327
Vesicular stomatitis, equine - USA (UT,AZ) 20050620.1733
Vesicular stomatitis, equine - USA (TX) 20050520.1395
Vesicular stomatitis, equine - USA (NM)(02) 20050504.1234
Vesicular stomatitis, equine & bovine - USA (NM): OIE 20050430.1202
2004
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Vesicular stomatitis, equine - USA (CO)(02) 20041124.3148
Vesicular stomatitis, equine, bovine - USA (multistate) (02) 20040908.2505
Vesicular stomatitis, equine, bovine - USA (TX, NM, CO): OIE (03) 20040802.2110
Vesicular stomatitis, bovine - USA (TX)(05): OIE 20040706.1806
Vesicular stomatitis, equine, bovine - USA (TX, NM) 20040701.1754
Vesicular stomatitis, equine - USA (TX, NM) 20040619.1640
Vesicular stomatitis, equine - USA (NM) 20040608.1538
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