ISID Home
about ISID | membership | programs | publications | resources | 14th ICID | site map
 
ProMed Home
 
  Navigation
Home
Subscribe/Unsubscribe
Search Archives
Announcements
Recalls/Alerts
Calendar of Events
Maps of Outbreaks
Submit Info
FAQs
Who's Who
Awards
Citing ProMED-mail
Links
Donations
About ProMED-mail
 
Archive Number 20080910.2834
Published Date 10-SEP-2008
Subject PRO/AH/EDR> Bluetongue - Europe (50): BTV-8, UK (England) ex Germany
BLUETONGUE - EUROPE (50): BTV-8, UK (ENGLAND) ex GERMANY
********************************************************
A ProMED-mail post
<http://www.promedmail.org>
ProMED-mail is a program of the
International Society for Infectious Diseases
<http://www.isid.org>

Date: Wed 10 Sep 2008
Source: BBC News [edited]
<http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/7608336.stm>


Bluetongue (BT) has been found in 18 imported cattle on a farm near 
Bishop Auckland in County Durham, according to officials at Defra 
[map at
<http://healthmap.org/promed?name=Bishop+Auckland%2C+England%2C+United+Kingdom&g=2655583&v=54.65,-1.667,6>].

The animals were bought from Germany, which has already had cases of 
the virus, which is spread by midges.

Defra has so far not identified the farm involved but has said the 
infected animals cannot be moved.

A Defra spokesman said it was the 4th incidence of infected animals 
being imported to the UK.

Earlier this month [September 2008], a protection zone, already in 
force in other parts of the UK, was extended into the North East and 
Cumbria. Deputy chief veterinary officer, Alick Simmons said: "This 
incident shows how important it is for farmers to consider potential 
disease risks when buying stock, regardless of source. Buyers need to 
consider how best to protect their own businesses and those of their 
neighbours and make sure they are clear about the stock they are 
intending to buy [see commentary]. I also want to remind farmers 
about the importance of vaccination. It is the only effective tool to 
protect susceptible animals from bluetongue. The threat from 
bluetongue is present and real, as shown by the most recent import 
cases."

Cows, sheep and goats can now only be moved in or out of protection 
zones if they have been vaccinated.

The virus, spread by midges, was 1st reported in the UK in 2007. 
Since then, more than 100 farms have been infected.

--
Communicated by:
ProMED-mail Rapporteur A-Lan Banks

[According to EU legislation, all BTV-susceptible animals are free to 
move within the confluent Protection Zones (PZ) in Europe, e.g. from 
the BTV-8 Protection Zone in Germany to the Protection Zone in the UK 
etc.; therefore, there is no suggestion that this import was illegal. 
As the move is within a PZ, no pre-movement testing is required. 
Animals for export to and from any EU Member State have to fulfill 
basic export certification, which means that a vet in the country of 
origin would have to check and certify they are healthy, i.e. no 
clinical signs of disease. As bluetongue infection does not always 
express clinical signs in infected animals, it is, therefore, not 
unexpected to see BT-positive animals moving between Member States. 
Several such cases have been reported in previous postings.

The title of the BBC newswire above may be somewhat misleading. 
Defra's information does not say that "bluetongue virus" was found; 
it says: "We have announced the detection of bluetongue in 18 
imported cattle on a premises near Bishop Auckland, County Durham. 
The animals originated from within the BTV8 Restricted Zone in 
Germany and were detected as a result of post-import testing carried 
out by Defra on all bluetongue-susceptible animals arriving from 
continental Europe." As opposed to the detection of "bluetongue 
virus," the "detection of bluetongue" may mean that antibodies or 
non-viable virus components have been detected by the post-import 
testing procedures applied. If active BTV is not present, there is no 
actual risk of further infection or spread of the disease on the 
importing farm or of its introduction into the circulation cycle 
(vectors).

In contrast to continental Europe, where BTV-8 seems to have 
over-wintered twice, entering its 3rd year of circulation (with the 
highest intensity observed in France, with about 8000 new "cases"), 
and where Sweden has just been added to the list of infected 
countries, no renewed activity of BTV-8 has been detected, so far, on 
British soil. The vaccination roll-out has recently been completed by 
bringing the whole of England and Wales into the Protection Zone; see 
map at
<http://www.defra.gov.uk/animalh/diseases/notifiable/bluetongue/pdf/map-bt-pz080901.pdf>.

All livestock farmers within the protection zone have been strongly 
encouraged to be vigilant and to vaccinate domestic ruminants at the 
earliest possible opportunity. According to Defra, recent evidence 
indicates a drop or delay in take-up in counties recently brought 
into the PZ. Sales data for some of those counties suggest that the 
number of animals vaccinated in these areas could be as low as one in 
3, and in Northumberland and Cumbria, the most recent counties 
brought into the Protection Zone, as low as one in 5. On top of that, 
it will take 6-8 weeks from now for livestock keepers in the north of 
England and Wales to have had sufficient opportunity to vaccinate 
their livestock and to gain immunity (at least 3 weeks in sheep and 6 
weeks in cattle). Defra says: "We are at the start of the period 
where the risk of disease transmission is at its highest. Given that 
there is a period in between vaccinating and an animal gaining 
immunity, it remains vital that farmers take the opportunity to 
vaccinate as soon as vaccine is available to them."

It remains to be seen whether Scotland decides to declare an official 
bluetongue protection zone and vaccinate as well. The Scottish 
government has BTV-8 vaccine in stock. It is not an easy decision: if 
declared, all live exports of cattle, sheep and goats to countries 
that are disease free (such as Ireland) would stop, with serious 
economic implications. - Mod.AS]

[see also:
Bluetongue - Europe (47): France, UK 20080902.2743
Bluetongue - Europe (46): Denmark, UK 20080828.2700
Bluetongue - Europe (43): BTV-8, UK, overwintering 20080814.2527
Bluetongue - Europe (42): BTV-8, UK, Belgium 20080809.2455
Bluetongue - Europe (28): BTV-8, UK, vaccination, France, update 20080601.1756
Bluetongue - Europe (27): BTV-8, UK, vaccination, EU update 20080523.1705
Bluetongue - Europe (26): BTV-8, UK, vaccination 20080518.1656
Bluetongue - Europe (25): BTV-8, UK, epidemiology, vaccination 20080510.1602
Bluetongue - Europe (10): BTV-8, UK 20080223.0743
Bluetongue - Europe (10): BTV-8, UK (N. Ireland) ex 
Netherlands-Germany 20080220.0696
Bluetongue - Europe (08): BTV-8, UK ex Netherlands, serology 20080217.0637
Bluetongue - Europe (04): BTV-8, UK (England) 20080127.0344
2007
----
Bluetongue - Europe (66): BTV-8, UK (Scotland) ex Germany 20071229.4167]
....................................................arn/msp/lm


*##########################################################*
************************************************************
ProMED-mail makes every effort to  verify  the reports  that
are  posted,  but  the  accuracy  and  completeness  of  the
information,   and  of  any  statements  or  opinions  based
thereon, are not guaranteed. The reader assumes all risks in
using information posted or archived by  ProMED-mail.   ISID
and  its  associated  service  providers  shall not be  held
responsible for errors or omissions or  held liable for  any
damages incurred as a result of use or reliance upon  posted
or archived material.
************************************************************
Become     a    ProMED-mail    Premium     Subscriber     at
<http://www.isid.org/ProMEDMail_Premium.shtml>
************************************************************
Visit ProMED-mail's web site at <http://www.promedmail.org>.
Send  all  items  for   posting  to:   promed@promedmail.org

(NOT to  an  individual moderator).  If you do not give your
full name and  affiliation, it  may  not  be  posted.   Send
commands  to  subscribe/unsubscribe,   get  archives,  help,
etc. to: majordomo@promedmail.org.    For assistance  from a
human  being  send  mail  to:   owner-promed@promedmail.org.

############################################################
############################################################

about ISID | membership | programs | publications | resources
14th ICID | site map | ISID home

©2001,2009 International Society for Infectious Diseases
All Rights Reserved.
Read our privacy guidelines.
Use of this web site and related services is governed by the Terms of Service.