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NON-TUBERCULOUS MYCOBACTERIUM, NOSOCOMIAL - CHINA (02): BACKGROUND
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A ProMED-mail post
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ProMED-mail is a program of the
International Society for Infectious Diseases
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[1]
Date: Thu 28 Jan 2010
Source: GIDEON (Global Infectious Disease & Epidemiology Network) [edited]
<http://www.gideononline.com/blog/2010/01/27/non-tuberculous-mycobacterial-infections/>
[Re: ProMED-mail Non-tuberculous mycobacterium, nosocomial - China:
(GD) RFI 20100127.0296]
------------------------------------------------
[Prof Steve Berger sent in the following item from Gideon that helps
to place outbreaks of non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) infections
in perspective. - Mod.ML]
Argentina
---------
2007 to 2007: an outbreak (28 cases) of _Mycobacterium immunogenum_
infection in Buenos Aires was associated with mesotherapy
[non-surgical cosmetic medicine treatment].
Brazil
------
2002 to 2004: an outbreak (14 cases) of mycobacterial wound infection
associated with silicone breast implant surgery was reported in
Campinas, Sao Paulo. 2003: an outbreak (5 cases) in Sao Paulo of
keratitis due to _M. immunogenum_ was associated with myopia surgery.
2004 to 2005: an outbreak (311 cases) of _Mycobacterium abscessus_
infections in Belem was associated with invasive procedures.
_Mycobacterium massiliense_ and _Mycobacterium bolletii_ were also
identified in some cases. 2006 to 2007: an outbreak (1051 clinical
cases) of _M. massiliense_ infections involving 63 hospitals in Rio
de Janeiro state was related to contaminated instruments used in
video-assisted surgery. 2008: an outbreak (13 cases) of
_Mycobacterium fortuitum_ infections in Sao Paulo was associated with
breast implant surgery.
Canada
------
2002: an outbreak (32 cases) of _M. abscessus_ infection in Toronto
was reported from 2 acupuncture clinics.
Colombia
--------
1996 (publication year): an outbreak (232 cases) of _Mycobacterium
chelonae_ subsp. _abscessus_ infection in Barranquilla was caused by
contaminated lidocaine used in a single physician's office.
Dominican Republic
------------------
2003: an outbreak (6 cases) of abdominal wall infections caused by
_M. abscessus_ occurred among patients who had undergone liposuction
at a single clinic in Santo Domingo. 2004: an outbreak (12 cases) of
_M. abscessus_ infection was diagnosed among Americans who had
visited various clinics in Santo Domingo for cosmetic surgery.
France
------
1989 to 1993: an outbreak (58 cases) of discitis [infection in the
intervertebral disc space] due to _Mycobacterium xenopi_ was reported
in a hospital. 2006 to 2007: an outbreak (16 cases) of subcutaneous
_M. chelonae_ infections was associated with mesotherapy injections.
2008 (publication year): an outbreak (8 cases) of mycobacteriosis was
associated with a tattoo parlor.
Hong Kong
---------
1993 (publication year): an outbreak of sternotomy infections due to
_M. fortuitum_ was reported in cardiothoracic hospital.
India
-----
1995: an outbreak (45 cases) of post-operative wound infections due
to _M. abscessus_ was ascribed to contaminated water. 2006
(publication year): an outbreak (145 cases) of _M. chelonae_ port
site infections in Bangalore was associated with contaminated
laparoscopic equipment.
Israel
------
2003: an outbreak (15 cases) of _Mycobacterium jacuzzii_ infection
was associated with breast implant surgery. 2008 (publication year):
an outbreak (5 cases) of _Mycobacterium mucogenicum_ bacteremia in a
paediatric haematology-oncology ward was related to a contaminated faucet.
Mexico
------
1991 (publication year): an outbreak of post-rhinoplasty nasal
cellulitis due to _M. chelonae_ was reported in Mexico City.
Peru
----
2004 to 2005: an outbreak (35 cases) in Lima of persistent cutaneous
abscesses due to _M. chelonae_ was associated with mesotherapy sessions.
Republic of Korea
-----------------
2001: an outbreak (40 cases) of _M. abscessus_ infection was
associated with an acupuncture clinic. 2007 (publication year): an
outbreak (12 cases) of _M. massiliense_ infections was associated
with intramuscular injection of an antimicrobial agent
(ribostamycin). 2008: an outbreak (109 cases) of _M. abscessus_
infection was ascribed to contaminated glutaraldehyde disinfectant
used in acupuncture.
Spain
-----
2009 (publication year): an outbreak (39 cases) of _M. fortuitum_
infection in Rioja was associated with mesotherapy administered by a
beauty salon.
United States
-------------
1987: an outbreak (17 cases) of _M. chelonae_ otitis media was caused
by contaminated water used by an ENT [ear, nose, throat] practice in
Louisiana. 1988: an outbreak (8 cases) of foot infections due to _M.
chelonae_ subspecies _abscessus_ infections were associated with a
jet injector used in a podiatric office. 1989 to 1990: an outbreak
(16 cases) of sputum colonization by _M. fortuitum_ was reported
among patients on an alcoholism rehabilitation ward in Washington,
DC. 1991 (publication year): an outbreak (6 cases) of _M. fortuitum_
infection in Washington was associated with contaminated
electromyography needles. 1995 to 1996: an outbreak (87 cases) of
post injection abscesses due to _M. abscessus_ in several states was
ascribed to an adrenal cortex extract. 1999: an outbreak (10 cases)
of intra- and periarticular _M. abscessus_ infection in Texas was
caused by contaminated benzalkonium chloride used for injection. 2000
to 2001: an outbreak (110 cases) of skin infections !
due to _M. fortuitum_ was caused by contaminated footbaths in
California nail salons. 2002: an outbreak (14 confirmed and 11
suspected cases) of soft tissue infections due to _M. abscessus_
followed injections of cosmetic substances administered by unlicensed
practitioners in New York City. 2002: an outbreak (115 cases or more)
of cutaneous infection by _M. fortuitum_ was associated with a
contaminated footbath in a nail salon in California. 2002
(publication year): an outbreak (34 cases) of _M. chelonae_ soft
tissue infection in California was associated with liposuction. 2002
to 2003: an outbreak (4 cases) of _M. chelonae_ infection among
patients undergoing rhytidectomies [facelift] in New Jersey was
caused by a contaminated methylene blue solution. 2003: an outbreak
(3 cases) of _Mycobacterium goodii_ infection was associated with
surgical implants in a Colorado hospital. 2004: an outbreak (12
cases) among Americans of soft tissue infections caused by _M.
abscessus_ follow!
ing cosmetic surgery performed at various clinics in the Dominican
mycobacterial skin and soft tissue infection (presumed _M.
fortuitum_) was reported among persons attending nail salons in
California. 2009 (publication year): an outbreak (6 cases) of _M.
chelonae_ infection was associated with a tattoo establishment.
Venezuela
---------
2005: an outbreak (70 cases) of _Mycobacterium cosmeticum_ infection
was related to mesotherapy injections for fat removal.
(Primary references are available on request.)
--
Communicated by:
Dr Steve Berger
Geographic Medicine
Tel Aviv Medical Center
Israel
<mberger@post.tau.ac.il>
[ProMED-mail once again thanks Dr Berger for his background reports. - Mod.ML]
******
[2]
Date: Thu 28 Jan 2010
From: Karel Hruska <hruska@vri.cz> [edited]
Re: Non-tuberculous mycobacterium, nosocomial - China: (GD) RFI 20100127.0296
The risk of mycobacterial [infection], [modes of] transmission of
mycobacteria from the environment to susceptible hosts, and cases of
infections in hospitals [can be found in] the references in Chapter 7
of the recently published book "The Ecology of Mycobacteria: Impact
on Animal's and Human's Health" (Eds. J. Kazda, I. Pavlik, J. O.
Falkinham III, K. Hruska)
<http://www.springer.com/public+health/book/978-1-4020-9412-5>. For
the contents, see <http://centaur.vri.cz/news/prilohy/pril1219.pdf>.
--
Professor Karel Hruska
Veterinary Research Institute
Czech Republic
<hruska@vri.cz>
[ProMED-mail thanks Dr Hruska for the references. - Mod.ML]
[see also:
Non-tuberculous mycobacterium, nosocomial - China: (GD) RFI 20100127.0296
2009
----
Mycobacterium immunogenum, hypersens. pneumonitis - USA: (OH) 20090614.2206
Mycobacterium fortuitum, breast implant - Brazil: (SP) 20090112.0121
2004
----
Mycobacterium abscessus - USA ex Dominican Republic (03) 20040621.1650
Mycobacterium abscessus - USA ex Dominican Republic (02) 20040504.1225
Mycobacterium abscessus - USA ex Dominican Republic 20040501.1200
2003
----
Mycobacterium abscessus - USA (New York) 20030116.0137
2002
----
Mycobacterium abscessus - Canada (Ontario) 20021228.6139]
........................................................ml/mj/msp/dk
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